Here's why:
* Classical Conditioning: This type of learning involves associating a neutral stimulus (like dogs) with a negative or painful experience (being bitten).
* Marcy's Experience: The dog bite (a painful experience) became associated with dogs (originally a neutral stimulus). Now, the sight of dogs triggers fear in Marcy.
In summary: Marcy's fear of dogs is likely a learned response due to a negative experience in her childhood, which is a classic example of how classical conditioning can shape our fears and phobias.