Vocalizations:
* Bark: The classic dog sound, used for a variety of reasons, including alerting, greeting, and expressing excitement or frustration.
* Howl: A long, drawn-out sound often used for communication over long distances or to express loneliness.
* Growl: A low, guttural sound used as a warning or threat.
* Whine: A high-pitched sound often used to express pain, anxiety, or a desire for something.
* Yelp: A sharp, sudden sound often used to express surprise or pain.
* Sniffle: A soft, nasal sound often made when a dog is smelling something interesting.
* Pant: A rapid, shallow breathing sound often made when a dog is hot or stressed.
* Squeal: A high-pitched sound often made when a dog is excited or playful.
Non-Vocalizations:
* Tail wagging: A sign of happiness and excitement.
* Ears perked up: A sign of alertness and interest.
* Body posture: A dog's body language can convey a lot of information, from friendly to threatening.
* Panting: While a vocalization, it's also a physical act that can communicate stress or excitement.
The specific sounds a dog makes can vary depending on the breed, age, and individual personality.
It's important to note that a dog's vocalizations and body language are their primary ways of communicating with humans. Paying attention to these cues can help you understand your dog's needs and feelings.