However, we can make some estimates based on the following:
* Pug popularity: Pugs are a popular breed, consistently ranking among the top 10 most popular dog breeds in the US and other countries.
* Dog population: There are estimated to be hundreds of millions of dogs worldwide.
* Breed prevalence: While pugs are popular, they are not the most popular breed. So, they likely represent a smaller percentage of the overall dog population.
Therefore, it's safe to say that there are likely millions of pugs alive worldwide.
It's important to note that this is just an approximation. The actual number could be higher or lower depending on various factors like breeding trends, adoption rates, and longevity.