Dogs experience something called estrus, which is a more accurate term than "period." It's a cyclical process of hormonal changes that lead to a period of fertility. Here's a breakdown of how it works:
* Estrus Cycle: Female dogs go through an estrus cycle, typically twice a year, though this can vary depending on the dog's age, breed, and health.
* Heat: The period of fertility is called "heat" or "being in season."
* Signs of Heat: During heat, you'll notice physical changes in your dog like:
* Swelling of the vulva: The external opening of the reproductive tract will become larger.
* Bleeding: A bloody discharge may be present, often turning lighter and more watery over time.
* Increased affection: She may be more affectionate and playful than usual.
* Attracting males: She'll emit pheromones that attract male dogs.
* Ovulation: She'll be fertile for a few days during the cycle, when ovulation occurs.
Key Difference: Unlike human periods, which involve shedding of the uterine lining, a dog's estrus cycle does not involve bleeding from the uterus. The bleeding during heat is a result of hormonal changes.
If you're concerned about your Jack Russell terrier's health or her cycle, it's always best to consult with your veterinarian.