Signs & Symptoms of Canine Pregnancy

Female dogs, or bitches, start going into heat at the age of about 6 months and continue throughout their lives unless they are spayed. While they are in heat, which usually is twice a year, they are fertile and receptive to male dogs. The most obvious symptom of the heat period is menstrual-like bleeding. In planned breeding, owners can watch their dog for signs of pregnancy. But, if a female in heat gets loose, there is a good chance she will mate with a male dog. Know the signs and symptoms of canine pregnancy. In an unplanned pregnancy, a veterinarian can abort fetuses. Spaying the female means pregnancy won't be a concern.

  1. Early Signs

    • Depending on the breed and size of the dog, gestation lasts 54 to 72 days. About two weeks after mating, the teats of the dog will begin to darken. The hair around the nipples becomes sparse. At three to four weeks, female dogs may become nauseous and vomit, much like human females with morning sickness. At this time, a vet can confirm pregnancy with a blood test.

    Behavioral Changes

    • Pregnant dogs may undergo a personality change. They may be less affectionate and spend more time alone. Dogs that generally are not affectionate may become more friendly while pregnant. These changes may be subtle, so pay close attention to a dog you suspect is pregnant. While her energy may decrease, appetite will increase. Like all pregnant females, her weight will increase as gestation progresses. By six weeks, puppies may be felt moving within their mother.

    Whelping

    • Whelping is the term for dogs giving birth. At about five weeks gestation, dogs may discharge a clear vaginal mucus. This continues until whelping. Before her due date, prepare a whelping box, an enclosed area layered with towels or newspaper. Give her ample time to get used to the whelping box so she will feel comfortable having her pups in it. Signs of imminent birth include restlessness, vomiting, genital licking and hiding. While most dogs can handle birth by themselves, keep the vet's contact information handy in case of questions or an emergency.