What Is the Difference Between an Aggressive Dog and a Dog That Bullies?

Dogs communicate with humans and other dogs primarily through body language. It can be difficult for a human unfamiliar with dog behavior to read the meaning of different dog actions. People often mistake dominant behavior, which appears to be bullying, as aggressive behavior. While dominant behavior is normal for many dogs, aggressive behavior is dangerous and should be addressed promptly.

  1. Dominant Behavior

    • Humans often perceive dominant behavior as bullying. When dogs meet, it is instinctual for them to determine a "pack order" or hierarchy. Some dogs are naturally submissive while others are naturally dominant. If two dominant dogs meet, they may engage in challenging behaviors such as sniffing, licking, barking, mounting or baring teeth. In most cases, this will quickly determine which dog is more dominant and normal play will commence.

    Controlling Dominant Behavior

    • Some dogs, perceiving their owners to be members of the pack, may try to assume the position of pack leader. It is important to show your dog that you are in charge. Most dogs feel more secure knowing that you are their leader. This does not mean controlling your dog through fear. A strong leader is calm and makes firm decisions for the good of the group. This includes clearly defining acceptable and unacceptable behaviors. Reward desirable behaviors with treats or praise. Gently but firmly correct undesirable behaviors using verbal cues and redirection.

    Aggressive Behavior

    • Aggressive behavior is completely different from normal dominant behavior. Some dogs may exhibit aggression while asserting dominance, but there is usually an underlying reason. Aggressive behaviors include biting, growling, snarling, snapping teeth or other behaviors meant to injure or frighten. Dogs may exhibit aggression because they feel threatened or scared or because they feel possessive or protective of their territory, property or people.

    Controlling Aggressive Behavior

    • It is important for owners to get aggressive dog behavior under control before it escalates. If the behavior is not addressed, an aggressive dog may attack and, in extreme cases, even kill another dog or a human. First, have the dog examined by a veterinarian to rule out a medical cause for aggression. Dogs sometimes behave aggressively because they are in pain. If you have not already done so, spay or neuter your dog. This controls hormonal fluctuations that can contribute to aggressive behavior. Prevent situations that trigger your dog's aggression. This may include taking away toys if he is possessive or rerouting your walk if he snarls and lunges at a certain dog in the neighborhood. Aggression is a serious problem and often requires professional help from an animal behavior expert.

    Understanding Breeds

    • People often apply the term "aggressive" to entire breeds of dogs. Some breeds are considered more dangerous or aggressive than others are because, statistically, these breeds are responsible for a greater number of attacks. Pit bulls have a reputation for aggression, partly due to their large populations in urban areas where irresponsible breeders churn out litters for prize fighting. Other breeds typically considered aggressive include Rottweilers, German Shepherds, Doberman Pinschers, Presa Canarios and Chow Chows. These types of dogs are bred for loyalty, strength, tenacity and even fighting. If their aggressive tendencies are encouraged, as in the case of fighting dogs, they may pose a threat to other dogs and humans. However, all dog breeds can and should be trained to behave appropriately.