Primary Prey:
* Deer: Cougars are highly skilled hunters of deer, particularly mule deer and white-tailed deer. They typically target fawns, but can take down adults.
* Elk: When available, elk are a significant food source for cougars, especially in the western United States.
* Pronghorn: Cougars often prey on pronghorn, particularly in the Great Plains region.
Other Prey:
* Smaller mammals: Cougars are opportunistic hunters and will consume a wide range of other mammals, including rabbits, squirrels, beavers, and even livestock like cattle or sheep.
* Birds: Cougars can also prey on birds, including ground-nesting species like quail, grouse, and even young birds of prey.
* Fish: While not a primary food source, cougars have been known to eat fish when the opportunity arises, particularly salmon in areas where they are abundant.
Important Considerations:
* Habitat: The specific diet of a cougar varies based on its habitat and the prey available in that area.
* Size and Age: Larger, older cougars may target bigger prey, while younger or smaller cougars might rely on smaller animals.
* Hunting Strategies: Cougars are ambush predators, often using stealth and bursts of speed to catch their prey. They typically hunt alone and can survive for long periods without food.
In general, cougars are opportunistic hunters with a broad diet, showcasing their adaptability and predatory prowess.