- Social Learning: Dogs readily observe the behavior of humans and other dogs, and they adapt their behavior influenced by what they see.
- Food Caching: Dogs, especially certain breeds like huskies and malamutes, have the adaptation of burying their food for future consumption, which helps in food preservation.
- Digging Burrows: Dogs like the fox and the red fox adapt by digging burrows for shelter, protection, and raising their young.
- Communication Behaviors: Dogs communicate through various vocalizations such as barking, whining, and growling. They understand human gestures, body language, and verbal commands, allowing effective communication with their human companions.
- Territorial Behavior: Dogs inherently guard and defend their territory. They mark their area through scent marking and barking to establish their domain and warn potential intruders.
- Scavenging: Some dog species like the dingo and the coyote adapt by scavenging for food, feeding on carcasses and leftover meals, which helps maintain the balance in the ecosystem.
- Pack Mentality: Dogs naturally exhibit pack behavior, where they form social hierarchies, cooperate, and rely on each other for protection and survival.