Tarantula Identification

Tarantulas are spectacular-looking large, hairy spiders that are sometimes kept as pets. They are native to America and Asia and are stealthy, fierce predators that either burrow or live high in trees. Though they are fearsome to look at, they do not pose a danger to human beings.

  1. Size

    • In modern times, the word "tarantula" refers to any large hairy spider. These so-called new tarantulas are usually from the theraphosid or mygalomorph families. The largest tarantula, called goliath, can have a leg span of 12 inches. That's big enough to straddle a dinner plate without touching it. Other varieties may be as small as 2 or 3 inches in leg span, which is still quite a large spider. Because they are so big, they have big fangs that will hurt you if you're bitten, but most of these spiders have venom that isn't toxic to humans.

    Coloring

    • Tarantulas are a colorful bunch. They are often named for their patterns, such as the case of the zebra or pink tarantulas. Many tarantulas also have a more neutral palette. Some of these are large enough, such as the tan goliath, that even without brilliant colors they are spectacular to see. A common coloring for tarantulas is black or brown with patches or bands of bright red, pink or yellow coloring.

    Habits

    • Tarantulas are traditionally shy spiders. The females of many varieties never move more than several inches from their nest or web. When attacked, all tarantulas will first run. If cornered, American tarantulas will shoot irritating hairs from their abdomens that usually will drive an attacker away. They only bite as a last resort. Asian tarantulas do not have the hairs, and so run and then bite if necessary. They are sometimes called bird eaters, but actual bird eating is rare. When it does happen, a tarantula is most likely to have come across a nest of baby birds.

    Bite

    • Tarantulas are venomous, like bees or wasps, rather than poisonous like some other spiders. The large size of their fangs makes their bites painful. There is nowhere in the world where tarantulas are a medical problem for human beings. Their bites are most dangerous to those who are allergic to bees or wasps, as the venom is similar. If you are bitten by a tarantula, you may experience initial pain followed by some muscle cramping in the area. Wash the wound and see a doctor if you experience an allergic reaction.