What Is the King Crab's Natural Habitat?

The king crab is a large species that prefers to live in cold water. There are several varieties of king crab, including the popular Alaska king crab, red king crab, blue king crab and golden king crab. According to seachoice.org, little is known about the more elusive scarlet king crab.

  1. Size and Shape

    • King crabs are among the biggest crabs, with large spines covering their shells. Their long legs resemble those of a spider but are much longer.

    Habitat

    • King crab's spend their time in cold, saltwater environments. They live in the continental shelf habitats near the polar regions, but as they get closer to the equator, they tend to be found in deeper water because they prefer the cooler temperatures.

    Distribution

    • King crabs are found in colder, northern waters. Along the coast of Alaska, they are fished commercially in great numbers. They can also be found widely in the Pacific Ocean and the Bering Sea. Red king crabs introduced into the Atlantic have become an invasive species.

    Effects of Fishing on Habitat

    • Because king crabs are fished so extensively, there is some concern regarding the effects of fishing on their habitat. But according to seachoice.org, trapping has minimal effect.

    Migrations

    • During mating season, king crabs are known to migrate to what are called "molting grounds." These areas, while still similar to the king crab's usual habitat, are often in deeper water. This gives king crabs, which live in groups called pods, a wider range.