- Acanthaster planci: Also known as the Crown-of-Thorns starfish, this marine creature has long, venomous spines that can cause painful injuries.
- Acanthurus spp.: Commonly known as surgeonfish, these fish species are characterized by sharp, retractable spines located near their tails.
- Atelerix albiventris: Also known as the African pygmy hedgehog, this small mammal has short, dense spines covering its body.
- Chaetodontidae: This fish family includes numerous species of butterflyfish, many of which have spiky dorsal fins.
- Diodon holocanthus: Commonly called the porcupinefish or balloonfish, this species can inflate its body and erect its sharp spines when threatened.
- Dasyatis spp.: Stingrays belong to this genus and possess venomous spines on their tails, which they use for defense.
- Echinarachnius parma: Known as the sand dollar, this marine creature has a flat, round body covered in short spines.
- Erinaceus europaeus: The European hedgehog is covered in sharp, barbed spines that help protect it from predators.
- Heliocidaris tuberculata: This sea urchin species is known for its long, slender spines that can reach lengths of several centimeters.
- Histriophoca fasciata: Also known as the ribbon seal, this species has long, stiff guard hairs that give it a spiky appearance.
- Hystrix cristata: The Indian crested porcupine is covered in long, sharp quills that can be erected when the animal is threatened.
- Lagocephalus lagocephalus: Commonly called the oceanic pufferfish, this species is known for its ability to inflate its body and erect sharp spines when threatened.
- Metridium senile: The orange-tip anemone is a marine invertebrate with stinging tentacles that resemble spikes.
- Mespilia globulus: Also known as the sea urchin, this marine creature is covered in long, sharp spines that protect it from predators.
- Notacanthidae: This fish family includes species of spiny eels, which have long, slender bodies and sharp dorsal fins.
- Ostraciidae: Commonly called boxfish or cowfish, these fish species have hard, bony shells covered in small spines.
- Paracentrotus lividus: Known as the purple sea urchin, this species is characterized by its long, purple spines.
- Petromyzon marinus: The sea lamprey is a jawless fish with a spiky, toothed mouth that it uses to attach to its prey.
- Phalloceros caudimaculatus: Also known as the spiketail rasbora, this small fish has a prominent, elongated spine on its tail fin.
- Platax teira: Commonly called the batfish or longfin spadefish, this species is known for its elongated dorsal and anal fins that resemble spikes.
- Siganus sutor: The convict tang, a reef fish species, has sharp spines on its dorsal and anal fins.
- Sphaerechinus granularis: This sea urchin species is known for its dense covering of short, granular spines.
- Strongylocentrotus droebachiensis: Commonly called the green sea urchin, this species has long, robust spines that can reach lengths of several centimeters.
- Synanceia verrucosa: Also known as the stonefish, this venomous fish has a well-camouflaged body covered in sharp, venomous spines.
- Trichogaster leeri: Commonly called the pearl gourami, this freshwater fish species has elongated, spiky dorsal and anal fins.