The den provides protection from predators and the elements. The vixen will stay with the kits in the den for several weeks, nursing them and protecting them.
As the kits get older, the vixen will begin to leave them alone for short periods of time to hunt for food. The kits will stay in the den until they are old enough to fend for themselves, which is usually around 6-8 months old.
In addition to providing a physical shelter, vixens also use various techniques to protect their young from potential threats:
Camouflage: Vixens often choose dens that are well-hidden in dense vegetation or underground burrows. The coloration of fox kits also helps them blend into their surroundings, making them less noticeable to predators.
Scent Marking: Foxes communicate and mark their territory through scent marking. Vixens may mark the entrance of the den or the surrounding area with their scent to deter other animals from approaching.
Distraction Displays: If a predator approaches the den, the vixen may engage in distraction displays to draw attention away from her kits. This could include barking, growling, or even feigning injury to divert the predator's focus.
Group Defense: In some fox species, both male and female foxes (known as "dog foxes" or "tods") may participate in defending the den and caring for the young. This cooperative behavior enhances the protection of the kits.
Teaching Survival Skills: As the kits grow older, the vixen teaches them essential survival skills such as hunting, foraging for food, and avoiding predators. These skills enable the young foxes to become independent and survive in the wild.