* Species: Different fox species have different survival rates. For example, red foxes have a higher survival rate than arctic foxes.
* Location: Habitat, prey availability, and predator pressure can all impact survival rates.
* Year: Weather patterns, disease outbreaks, and food availability can change year to year.
However, estimates suggest that:
* About 50% of fox cubs die before reaching adulthood. This figure includes deaths from predation, disease, starvation, and other factors.
* The highest mortality rate occurs in the first few weeks of life. Cubs are vulnerable to predators, harsh weather, and lack of parental care.
* As cubs grow older, their chances of survival increase. This is because they become more independent and skilled at hunting.
It's important to remember that these are just estimates. The actual mortality rate of fox cubs can vary significantly from place to place and year to year.