Mammals:
* Cats (domestic and feral): A major threat, especially to young and fledgling cardinals.
* Raccoons: Opportunistic predators that will raid nests for eggs and young.
* Squirrels: Can be a threat to nests and may even prey on young cardinals.
* Opossums: Known to prey on eggs and young birds.
* Weasels: These small, agile predators can access nests and prey on adult cardinals as well.
* Hawks: Cooper's Hawks and Sharp-shinned Hawks are known to hunt cardinals.
Birds:
* Hawks: As mentioned above, hawks are a major predator, especially in open areas.
* Owls: Barred Owls and Great Horned Owls are nocturnal predators that can hunt cardinals at night.
* Snakes: Some snake species, like garter snakes, can climb and will raid nests for eggs.
Other:
* Humans: Habitat loss and fragmentation are significant threats to cardinal populations.
It's important to note that the specific predators a cardinal faces will depend on its location, habitat, and time of year.