- Ear mites: Fennec foxes often have ear mites, which are tiny parasitic mites that live in the ear canal. While ear mites can be a nuisance and may cause discomfort to the fox, they do not appear to cause any serious harm. In fact, ear mites may help to clean the fox's ears and remove debris.
- Fleas and ticks: Fennec foxes may also carry fleas and ticks, which are small external parasites that feed on the fox's blood. These parasites can transmit diseases, such as tularemia and plague, but they are rarely fatal to fennec foxes. In fact, fleas and ticks may provide a source of food for the foxes, as the foxes will sometimes groom themselves and eat any parasites that they find.
- Mutualistic relationships with plants: Fennec foxes have a mutualistic relationship with several species of plants, such as the desert date palm (Phoenix dactylifera) and the Saharan cypress (Cupressus dupreziana). These plants provide food and shelter for the foxes, while the foxes help to disperse their seeds.
These are just a few examples of the symbiotic relationships that fennec foxes have with other species. These relationships are essential to the survival of the fennec fox in its harsh desert environment.