The thymus gland varies in size depending on an individual's age. It is relatively large during infancy and childhood but gradually decreases in size as one reaches puberty. Upon reaching adulthood, the thymus gland typically weighs between 10 and 15 grams.
Location:
The thymus gland is situated in the upper mediastinum, which is the space between the lungs. It lies behind the sternum (breastbone) and in front of the heart, great vessels, and trachea. The thymus is located superiorly and slightly to the left of the heart.
Here are some additional points about the relative size and location of the thymus gland:
- In infants, the thymus gland can occupy up to 0.5% of the body weight.
- It is divided into two lobes, one on each side, which are connected by a central portion called the isthmus.
- The thymus gland extends from the neck to the middle of the chest.
- It is commonly found between the thyroid gland and the heart, although its exact position may vary slightly.
- The thymus gland is encapsulated by a connective tissue capsule that separates it from surrounding structures.
- It is not easily palpable in adults due to its reduction in size and location within the mediastinum.
- The thymus gland plays a crucial role in the development and maturation of T cells, which are essential components of the immune system.