1. Softening: The crab's body secretes a special fluid that softens the old exoskeleton.
2. Splitting: The crab splits the exoskeleton, usually along the back.
3. Emerging: The crab slowly crawls out of its old shell, leaving it behind.
4. Expansion: The crab is now soft and vulnerable. It quickly absorbs water, expanding its body and pushing against its new, soft exoskeleton.
5. Hardening: Over a few days, the new exoskeleton hardens, becoming the crab's new protective shell.
This process is repeated throughout the crab's life as it continues to grow.