Here's the tricky part:
* Males have a spur on their hind legs: This spur is connected to a venom gland, and is used for defense and possibly mating.
* Females have a pouch: The pouch is where they raise their young.
However, both spurs and pouches are difficult to see unless the echidna is being examined closely.
So, if you see an echidna in the wild, you won't be able to tell its sex just by looking at it!