Why does the blue whale have a blowhole?

To breathe.

The blue whale, like all other whales, is a mammal and therefore requires oxygen to survive. They breathe air through their blowhole, which is located on the top of their head. When a blue whale surfaces, it exhales through the blowhole, creating a geyser of water vapor that can be seen from a great distance. Then, it inhales fresh air into its lungs.