* Mountain lions: These big cats are the most significant predators of llamas in the wild. They typically hunt at night and target young or weak llamas.
* Wolves: Wolves are another significant predator of llamas. They usually hunt in packs and can take down even adult llamas.
* Coyotes: Coyotes are smaller than mountain lions and wolves. Still, they can be a threat to llamas, especially if they are hunting in a pack.
* Bears: Bears are occasional predators of llamas. They are more likely to attack llamas as prey if other food sources are scarce.
* Andean fox: The Andean fox, also known as the culpeo, is a native predator of llamas and alpacas in South America.
* Domestic dogs: While not natural predators, domestic dogs can pose a threat to llamas if left unrestrained and unsupervised. Especially aggressive or territorial dogs may view llamas as intruders and attempt to attack them.
* Humans: Human activities, such as hunting and habitat destruction, can also negatively impact llama populations.