Heart:
* Four-chambered heart: Monkeys have a four-chambered heart, just like humans, with two atria and two ventricles. This separation ensures that oxygenated and deoxygenated blood do not mix, allowing for efficient oxygen transport.
* Double circulation: This means blood passes through the heart twice for each complete circuit around the body.
* Efficient pumping: The strong heart efficiently pumps blood throughout the body, providing oxygen and nutrients to tissues and removing waste products.
Blood Vessels:
* Arteries: Carry oxygenated blood away from the heart to the rest of the body.
* Veins: Carry deoxygenated blood back to the heart.
* Capillaries: Tiny, thin-walled blood vessels that connect arteries and veins. They allow for the exchange of gases, nutrients, and waste products between blood and tissues.
Blood:
* Red blood cells: Carry oxygen throughout the body.
* White blood cells: Part of the immune system, fighting infections.
* Plasma: The liquid component of blood that carries nutrients, hormones, and waste products.
Special Adaptations in Monkeys:
* High metabolic rate: Monkeys generally have higher metabolic rates than other primates, requiring a more efficient circulatory system to meet energy demands.
* Arboreal lifestyle: Monkeys are adapted for life in trees, which demands a strong circulatory system to supply oxygen and nutrients to muscles used for climbing and jumping.
* Social interactions: Complex social interactions may require a higher blood pressure and heart rate to meet the demands of physical interactions and stress.
Overall, the circulatory system in monkeys is highly efficient and complex, allowing them to thrive in their diverse environments.