1. Dodo (Raphus cucullatus):
- Habitat: Mauritius, an island in the Indian Ocean.
- Extinction Date: Around 1662.
- Cause of Extinction: Overhunting by humans and the introduction of predators like cats, dogs, and pigs by European sailors.
2. Great Auk (Pinguinus impennis):
- Habitat: North Atlantic Ocean.
- Extinction Date: Around 1844.
- Cause of Extinction: Excessive hunting for feathers and eggs, as well as habitat destruction.
3. Tasmanian Tiger (Thylacinus cynocephalus):
- Habitat: Tasmania, Australia.
- Extinction Date: 1936.
- Cause of Extinction: Hunting, persecution, and habitat destruction.
4. Passenger Pigeon (Ectopistes migratorius):
- Habitat: North America.
- Extinction Date: 1914.
- Cause of Extinction: Overhunting and deforestation.
5. Baiji (Lipotes vexillifer):
- Habitat: Yangtze River, China.
- Extinction Date: Around 2007 (functionally extinct).
- Cause of Extinction: Habitat loss due to dam construction, pollution, overfishing, and hunting.
6. Western Black Rhinoceros (Diceros bicornis longipes):
- Habitat: West and Central Africa.
- Extinction Date: 2011 (declared extinct subspecies).
- Cause of Extinction: Poaching for their horns and habitat destruction.
7. Spix's Macaw (Cyanopsitta spixii):
- Habitat: Northeastern Brazil.
- Extinction Date: Around 2018 (likely extinct in the wild).
- Cause of Extinction: Habitat loss, hunting, and illegal pet trade.
8. Golden Toad (Bufo periglenes):
- Habitat: Monteverde Cloud Forest Reserve, Costa Rica.
- Extinction Date: 1989.
- Cause of Extinction: Uncertain, but likely a combination of factors such as climate change, habitat loss, and a fungal disease.
9. Eastern Cougar (Puma concolor couguar):
- Habitat: Eastern United States and Canada.
- Extinction Date: Around 1920.
- Cause of Extinction: Hunting and habitat destruction.
10. Pyrenean Ibex (Capra pyrenaica pyrenaica):
- Habitat: Pyrenees mountains, France and Spain.
- Extinction Date: 2000.
- Cause of Extinction: Hunting and competition for resources with domestic livestock.