1. Natural Predators:
* Larger tigers: Adult male tigers are known to kill other tigers, particularly rivals competing for territory or mates.
* Other large predators: While rare, leopards, crocodiles, and even packs of wild dogs could potentially kill a Bengal tiger, especially if it's young or injured.
2. Humans:
* Poaching: Illegal hunting for tiger parts (bones, skin, teeth) is a major threat to Bengal tiger populations.
* Habitat Loss: Deforestation and human encroachment into tiger habitats leave tigers vulnerable to starvation, conflict with humans, and poaching.
* Human-wildlife conflict: Farmers often kill tigers in retaliation for livestock losses.
3. Disease:
* Infectious diseases: Tigers can be affected by diseases like rabies, canine distemper, and feline leukemia.
* Parasites: Internal parasites like roundworms and tapeworms can weaken tigers and make them more susceptible to other threats.
4. Accidents:
* Vehicle collisions: Tigers can be killed by vehicles, especially on roads that pass through their habitats.
* Natural disasters: Floods, droughts, and wildfires can also affect tiger populations, sometimes leading to death.
It's important to remember that conservation efforts are crucial for protecting Bengal tigers and ensuring their survival.
To answer your question directly, the main culprits in Bengal tiger deaths are humans, through poaching and habitat destruction.