Dense Forests: Bengal tigers primarily inhabit tropical moist deciduous forests, mangrove forests, subtropical forests, and tropical rainforests. They prefer areas with dense vegetation providing shelter, shade, and ample cover for hunting and avoiding predators.
Grasslands and Open Areas: Despite being predominantly forest-dwelling creatures, Bengal tigers also explore and hunt in open areas. Tall grasses, reed beds, savannas, and floodplains are crucial parts of their habitat as they facilitate hunting and movement while offering cover.
Water Sources: The proximity to water is vital for Bengal tigers. Rivers, streams, lakes, marshes, and other freshwater sources become integral parts of their habitat. Drinking water, cooling off, and using water bodies as ambush sites for hunting are key factors for their survival.
Elevation: These large carnivores can be found at various elevations. In the foothills of the Himalayas, they may dwell up to an altitude of 3,000 meters (9,800 feet). Conversely, they also inhabit some low-lying coastal regions.
Human-Modified Landscapes: While Bengal tigers favor relatively undisturbed areas, they adapt to altered landscapes influenced by human activities. Some tiger populations reside in regions with plantations, agricultural landscapes, and even modified grassland areas as long as adequate protection and resources are available.
The distribution of Bengal tigers largely depends on these suitable habitats and the availability of sufficient prey populations. Conservation efforts often focus on the preservation and management of protected areas that provide safe havens for these majestic big cats while coexisting with local communities.