Poaching: White tigers are highly valued for their distinctive fur, which can fetch high prices in the illegal wildlife trade. This demand has led to a surge in poaching, making white tigers one of the most targeted tiger subspecies. Poachers hunt these tigers for their skins, which are used to create rugs, coats, and other products. The illegal trade in tiger parts is driven by the demand from consumers in countries like China and Southeast Asia.
Inbreeding: Captive breeding programs for white tigers have contributed to their genetic vulnerability. In order to maintain the distinctive white fur, certain individuals have been bred within closely related lineages, leading to high levels of inbreeding. Inbreeding can increase the risk of genetic abnormalities and health problems, making white tigers more susceptible to diseases and reducing their overall fitness.
Lack of genetic diversity: The genetic pool of white tigers is relatively small, which limits the potential for their survival in the long term. The scarcity of genetic diversity can lead to a higher susceptibility to diseases, environmental changes, and other threats. With a limited gene pool, it becomes increasingly challenging to breed healthy and genetically viable individuals.
Conflicts with humans: As white tigers lose their natural habitats, they often come into contact with human settlements and livestock. This can lead to conflicts with humans, as white tigers may prey on livestock or even attack humans if threatened. These conflicts often result in the killing of white tigers by locals who are trying to protect their livelihoods.
Climate change: The effects of climate change can also contribute to the endangerment of white tigers. Changes in temperature and precipitation patterns can disrupt their habitats, impacting the availability of prey, shelter, and overall ecosystem dynamics. Climate change can also lead to an increased frequency of extreme weather events, which can further stress white tiger populations and make them more vulnerable.