* Larger predators: In rare cases, wolves can be killed by bears, especially brown bears or polar bears.
* Disease: Wolves can succumb to diseases like rabies, canine distemper, and parasites, which can weaken them and make them vulnerable to other predators.
* Human interaction: Humans are the most significant threat to wolves, through hunting, trapping, habitat loss, and vehicle collisions.
It's important to note that wolves primarily prey on other animals, not the other way around.