Natural Predators:
* Larger Canids: Wolves, particularly in areas where they overlap with coyote ranges, are a significant predator.
* Bears: While not a primary predator, bears may occasionally kill coyotes, especially cubs.
* Mountain Lions: Mountain lions are known to prey on coyotes in some regions.
Other Factors:
* Disease: Parvovirus, distemper, rabies, and other diseases can impact coyote populations.
* Starvation: Coyotes are opportunistic feeders, and food scarcity can lead to increased mortality.
* Harsh Weather: Extreme cold or heat can be challenging for coyotes, especially young or sick individuals.
* Vehicle Collisions: Coyotes are often killed by cars, particularly in suburban areas.
* Human Conflict: Coyotes can be hunted or trapped by humans, and their populations are also controlled by habitat loss and fragmentation.
It's important to note:
* Coyotes are adaptable and resilient. They can thrive in a wide range of environments and have a high reproductive rate.
* While there are natural predators and other factors that affect coyote populations, their overall numbers tend to remain stable.
* Killing coyotes is not always the most effective way to manage them. Habitat modification, managing food sources, and educating the public are also important aspects of coyote management.
If you're concerned about coyotes in your area, it's best to consult with local wildlife experts or your state wildlife agency for guidance on managing their populations.