Africa:
* African Wild Dog: These highly social canids are found in open savannas and semi-deserts. They are apex predators, hunting in packs, but will also scavenge when opportunities arise.
* Black-backed Jackal: These canids are opportunistic scavengers, often feeding on carrion left by larger predators. They are found in a wide range of habitats, including deserts.
* Spotted Hyena: Though often portrayed as scavengers, spotted hyenas are actually highly skilled hunters, taking down large prey. They are also opportunistic scavengers, playing a vital role in cleaning up carcasses in African ecosystems.
Asia:
* Dhole (Asian Wild Dog): Like African wild dogs, dholes are highly social, cooperative hunters found in forested and open habitats, including semi-deserts.
* Golden Jackal: These canids are found in a wide range of habitats, including deserts, and are known for their adaptability and scavenging abilities.
* Wolf: In some Asian deserts, wolves have adapted to survive, filling a similar niche to coyotes.
* Sand Fox: This small canid is found in the deserts of Central Asia, and is a skilled hunter and scavenger.
Australia:
* Dingo: These feral dogs are now considered native to Australia, and play a significant role in the ecosystem as predators and scavengers.
* Red Fox: Introduced to Australia, red foxes are now widespread and have had a significant impact on native wildlife. They are highly adaptable and opportunistic, both predators and scavengers.
South America:
* Maned Wolf: This long-legged canid lives in open grasslands and scrublands, including semi-deserts. They are primarily hunters but will scavenge.
* Bush Dog: Found in the Amazon rainforest and adjacent areas, bush dogs are social canids that hunt and scavenge in packs.
* Culpeo Fox: These foxes inhabit a variety of habitats, including deserts, and are known to be opportunistic hunters and scavengers.
Key Characteristics of These Animals:
* Adaptability: They thrive in harsh, unpredictable environments, often with limited food sources.
* Opportunism: They readily switch between hunting and scavenging depending on the availability of food.
* Sociality: Many of these animals are social, allowing them to hunt larger prey and efficiently compete for resources.
It's important to note that these are just a few examples, and many other species across these continents contribute to the predator-scavenger role in desert ecosystems.