Animals in very cold areas, such as the Arctic and Antarctic, have evolved several adaptations that help them survive in the extreme cold. These adaptations include:
1) Rounded bodies: Rounded bodies help to minimize the surface area of the body that is exposed to the cold air. This reduces the amount of heat lost by the animal.
2) Short limbs: Short limbs help to reduce the amount of surface area that is exposed to the cold air. They also help to keep the body close to the ground, where the air is warmer.
3) Small ears: Small ears help to reduce the amount of surface area that is exposed to the cold air. They also help to keep the body warm by preventing heat from escaping from the ears.
In addition to these physical adaptations, animals in cold climates often have behavioural adaptations that help them to survive. These include:
1) Burrowing: Many animals burrow underground to escape the cold. This provides them with a warm, sheltered place to live.
2) Hibernating: Some animals hibernate during the winter. This means they enter a state of deep sleep, during which their metabolism slows down and they conserve energy.
3) Migrating: Some animals migrate to warmer climates during the winter. This allows them to avoid the harsh cold weather altogether.
These physical and behavioural adaptations help animals in very cold areas to survive the extreme conditions and thrive.