1. Size: Whitetail deer are medium-sized deer species. Adult bucks (males) typically stand 28-34 inches (71-86 centimeters) tall at the shoulder and weigh between 100-300 pounds (45-136 kilograms). Adult does (females) are slightly smaller, standing 24-32 inches (61-81 centimeters) tall and weigh between 70-200 pounds (32-91 kilograms).
2. Body Shape: Whitetail deer have a slender, graceful build with long, slender legs. Their bodies are typically brown or grayish-brown in color, with a distinctive white underside and rump patch. The white rump patch is particularly noticeable when the deer is running away or raising its tail.
3. Antlers: Male whitetail deer grow antlers, which are shed and regrown each year. The antlers are branched and typically have multiple points. The size and shape of the antlers can vary depending on the age, health, and genetics of the deer. Does not grow antlers.
4. Face Markings: Whitetail deer have distinctive facial markings. They typically have a dark brown or black muzzle and a white patch around the nose and eyes. This facial pattern is known as the "mask" and helps to distinguish whitetail deer from other deer species.
5. Tail: The tail of a whitetail deer is relatively short, measuring around 6-10 inches (15-25 centimeters) in length. The underside of the tail is white, and it often flips up when the deer is alarmed or running.
6. Behavior: Whitetail deer are social animals that typically live in herds. They are herbivores and feed on a variety of plants, including leaves, twigs, buds, fruits, and grasses. They are also known for their bounding gait, where they run with all four legs off the ground at the same time.
7. Habitat: Whitetail deer are found in various habitats, including forests, woodlands, meadows, and agricultural areas. They prefer areas with diverse vegetation and cover for shelter.
8. Vocalizations: Whitetail deer communicate with each other through various vocalizations. These include snorts, grunts, bleats, and whistles. Different vocalizations serve different purposes, such as warning of danger, attracting mates, and maintaining social bonds.
By observing these characteristics, such as size, body shape, antlers, facial markings, tail, behavior, habitat, and vocalizations, you can identify a whitetail deer.