How to Artificially Inseminate a Cow

Artificial insemination is a procedure in which semen is collected from a bull, stored and later flushed into a cow's reproductive tract for the purpose of conception. The artificial insemination of cattle has become extremely common, and it is actually a fast and simple procedure. However, timing, skill, knowledge and precision are necessary to achieve the desired result: a healthy calf delivered by a strong, healthy cow.

Things You'll Need

  • Artificial vagina
  • Semen extender
  • Glycerol
  • Farm semen tank (liquid nitrogen)
  • Insemination rod
  • Clean, soft cloth
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Instructions

  1. Semen Collection

    • 1

      Allow your bull to mount a "teaser" cow. When he begins to ejaculate, redirect his penis into an artificial vagina. This is a precise and specialized procedure and should be conducted in a sterile atmosphere by veterinary professionals.

    • 2

      Extend the semen (optional). If you wish to use the semen to inseminate more than one cow, you can use extenders, typically made from egg yolk or pasteurized milk and added antibiotics, to increase volume and longevity.

    • 3

      Store the semen. First, add glycerol to the semen to remove water from the sperm, preventing the formation of damaging ice crystals. Second, freeze the semen by storing it in liquid nitrogen at -320 degrees F. If done properly, semen can be stored indefinitely.

    Insemination

    • 4

      Make sure that your cow is in estrus. This can be confirmed by a veterinarian. According to the Trimberger and Davis study (1943), conception rates are highest if cows are inseminated between mid-estrus and the end of standing estrus.

    • 5

      Thaw the semen according to the instructions on your farm tank. According to The Cattle Site, the National Association of Animal Breeders recommends "warm water thawing" in 90 to 95 degree F water for at least 40 seconds. Do not allow the semen to get cold prior to insemination.

    • 6

      Attach the unit of thawed semen to the insemination rod, closely following the specific instructions included in the packaging.

    • 7

      Clean your cow's vulva area thoroughly with a soft, clean cloth. This will prevent dirt and bacteria from entering the reproductive tract when you insert the insemination rod.

    • 8

      Put your gloves on. Insert the insemination rod into your cow's vagina and, with your hand, guide it through her cervix into her uterus. Steadily deliver the semen for five to eight seconds. Be careful to not begin withdrawing the insemination rod while you are still delivering the semen.