The process of decomposition can be divided into three main stages:
1. Fresh decomposition: This stage begins immediately after an animal or plant dies. During this stage, microorganisms begin to break down the soft tissues of the body, releasing fluids and gases.
2. Active decomposition: This stage occurs as the microorganisms continue to break down the body. During this stage, the body may swell and turn black or green as the hemoglobin breaks down.
3. Advanced decomposition: This stage occurs as the body continues to decompose and eventually disintegrates. During this stage, the body may become dry and brittle and may eventually turn into dust.
The rate of decomposition depends on a number of factors, including the temperature, moisture, and oxygen levels in the environment. In warm, moist environments, decomposition occurs more quickly than in cold, dry environments.
The products of decomposition are released into the environment, where they can be used by plants and animals. Ammonia is an essential nutrient for plants, and it is also used by some animals as a source of nitrogen.