Predators:
* Birds of Prey: Owls (especially burrowing owls), falcons, and hawks are common predators. They can spot jerboas from above and swoop down to catch them.
* Snakes: Vipers, cobras, and other snakes are also a threat, often hunting jerboas at night.
* Carnivores: Foxes, jackals, and wild cats like sand cats might prey on jerboas.
Competitors:
* Other Rodents: Gerbils, hamsters, and other rodents can compete for food and resources.
* Insects: Jerboas eat insects, but they may compete with other insect-eating animals, like lizards and birds.
Beneficial Animals:
* Burrowing Animals: Jerboas sometimes share their burrows with other animals, such as gerbils, for safety and warmth.
* Insects: While they eat insects, some insect species may actually benefit the jerboa by aerating the soil or providing pollination.
Other interesting points:
* The specific animals present will depend on the location and specific environment.
* Some animals may be both predators and competitors, depending on the situation.
* Jerboas have adaptations like strong hind legs for hopping and large ears for detecting predators, which help them survive in their challenging environment.
Let me know if you'd like more details about any specific animals or their interaction with jerboas!