In terms of their relationship with other animals, cougars are typically solitary and territorial. They establish and defend their territories by marking them with urine, feces, and scratch marks. Cougars are also known to vocalize, using a variety of sounds to communicate with each other. These sounds include growls, hisses, screams, and chirps.
Cougars are important members of the ecosystem, as they help to control the populations of their prey species. They also play a role in dispersing seeds, as they often cache their food in trees.