How do cows eat grass with out being sick?

Cows are ruminants, which means they have a unique digestive system adapted to eating grass. Here's how they avoid getting sick:

* Four-Chamber Stomach: Unlike humans with a single stomach, cows have four compartments in their stomachs:

* Rumen: The largest chamber, where bacteria break down cellulose in the grass.

* Reticulum: Traps heavier particles and helps move food back to the mouth for re-chewing (cud).

* Omasum: Absorbs water and nutrients.

* Abomasum: Similar to a human stomach, where digestive juices break down food.

* Chewing Cud: Cows bring up partially digested grass from their rumen, chew it thoroughly, and swallow it again. This helps break down tough plant fibers further, making them more digestible.

* Symbiotic Bacteria: Their rumen is teeming with bacteria that can break down cellulose, a complex sugar found in plant cell walls. These bacteria digest the grass for the cow, providing it with nutrients.

* Methane Production: As a byproduct of this bacterial digestion, cows produce methane gas, which they expel through burping.

* Immune System: Cows have evolved a strong immune system that can handle the potential for bacteria and parasites found in grass.

In summary: Cows' complex digestive system, their ability to chew cud, and the symbiotic relationship they have with bacteria in their rumen allow them to effectively break down and utilize the nutrients in grass without becoming sick.