* Direct contact: Cattle can get diseases by coming into direct contact with infected animals or objects. This can happen when they share pastures or pens, or when they come into contact with contaminated feed, water, or equipment.
* Indirect contact: Cattle can also get diseases by indirect contact with infected animals or objects. This can happen when they breathe in respiratory droplets from an infected animal, or when they walk through contaminated soil or water.
* Vectors: Vectors are organisms that can carry and transmit diseases from one animal to another. Some of the most common vectors that transmit diseases to cattle include ticks, fleas, mosquitoes, and flies.
* Wildlife: Wildlife can also transmit diseases to cattle. This can happen when cattle share pastures or pens with infected wildlife, or when they come into contact with contaminated feed, water, or equipment.
Once a cattle has been infected with a disease, it can develop clinical signs or symptoms of the disease. These can vary depending on the specific disease, but some of the most common symptoms include fever, coughing, nasal discharge, diarrhea, and lameness.
If you suspect that your cattle may be sick, it is important to contact a veterinarian for diagnosis and treatment.