What Is Layer Mash?

Hens consume feed for body maintenance and the excess goes into the production of eggs. In order for hens to reach their full egg-laying potential, poultry feed must contain the necessary nutrients and in proper amounts. Layer or laying mash is a feeding system designed specifically for laying hens. A hen-feeding system can be all mash or part mash.

  1. All Mash

    • Laying mash should contain at least 15 percent protein. Feed consumption decreases during hot months and the high level of protein ensures the hens get an adequate amount all year. The all-mash feeding system is the most common hen-feeding system for commercial egg birds. All mash must be a restrictive program to prevent obesity.

    Mash Scratch

    • A mash-scratch feeding system is 50 percent grains and 50 percent mash. In this case, the mash should be 20 percent protein. Scratch grains include wheat, oats, barley and buckwheat. Wheat is a good source of energy for hens but lacks the pigments that flavor the egg yolk. Barley is not as desirable to hens and is an acquired taste. Oats are a good source of protein but provide little energy. When adding grains to a mash feed, it is best to use a combination of at least two of the four types.

    Grit

    • Grit comprised of oyster shell and granite is desirable for laying hens. Oyster shell ensures an adequate amount of calcium for the production of strong eggshells. Grit helps with the grinding of whole grains, resulting in better digestion. If using an all-mash system, grit is not necessary, as the mash contains an adequate amount of calcium and digests easily.

    Water

    • The most important nutrient for laying hens is water. It is imperative that the water be clean at all times. A lack of clean water reduces hens laying ability and the quality of the eggs. To keep water from freezing in winter, heated water systems are available. During warm months, bacteria grows quickly. You should provide clean water at least once a day in summer.