* Wolves: In areas where wolves are present, they are a significant predator of deer.
* Coyotes: Coyotes are widespread and opportunistic predators that will prey on fawns and sometimes adult deer.
* Mountain Lions (Cougars): Where found, mountain lions are apex predators that can take down adult deer.
* Bears: Black bears and grizzly bears can prey on deer, especially fawns, but they are more likely to scavenge carcasses or eat other foods.
* Bobcats: Bobcats are smaller than mountain lions but can still take down deer, particularly fawns.
* Humans: Humans are also a significant predator of white-tailed deer through hunting.
Other predators that occasionally prey on deer include:
* Alligators: In areas where their ranges overlap, alligators may prey on deer, especially fawns.
* Large snakes: Some large snakes, such as constrictors, may occasionally prey on deer fawns.
It's important to note that the specific predators of white-tailed deer vary by location and environmental conditions.