Forbs: These are non-woody plants, including:
* Grasses: They are a major food source, especially in the summer and fall.
* Legumes: Clover, alfalfa, and other legumes provide valuable protein.
* Wildflowers: They add variety to their diet.
Browse: These are woody plants, including:
* Trees: Buds, leaves, twigs, and bark are eaten, especially in winter.
* Shrubs: Many different shrubs provide browse, depending on the region.
Fruits and Seeds: Deer are opportunistic and will eat fruits and seeds when available, such as:
* Berries: Blackberries, blueberries, and other berries are popular.
* Acorns: Acorns are a key food source in areas with oak trees, especially in the fall.
* Other seeds: Deer will eat seeds from grasses, wildflowers, and other plants.
Other: Deer also consume:
* Mushrooms: Some species of mushrooms are eaten, but they can be poisonous.
* Lichens: These are found on trees and rocks.
Seasonal Variations:
* Summer: Deer primarily eat grasses and forbs, as well as some browse.
* Fall: They focus on fruits and seeds, especially acorns.
* Winter: They rely heavily on browse, as grasses and other plants are covered by snow.
Important Note: Deer can also damage crops and gardens, particularly during periods of food scarcity. They are known to eat vegetables, fruits, and ornamental plants.