Mammals:
- Gazelles: Gazelles, particularly the Mountain Gazelle (Gazella gazella), can be found in the areas surrounding Bethlehem.
- Hares: Hares, like the Cape Hare (Lepus capensis), are known to inhabit the region.
- Jackals: Jackals, such as the Golden Jackal (Canis aureus), may be found in the vicinity.
- Wild Boars: Wild boars (Sus scrofa) are present in some areas.
Birds:
- Rock Doves: Rock doves, commonly known as pigeons, are widespread in the region.
- Partridges: Partridges, including the Common Partridge (Alectoris chukar), can be found in the area.
- Common Bulbuls: Common bulbuls, passerine songbirds, are found in Judea.
- Hoopoes: Hoopoes (Upupa epops), with their distinctive crests, are present in the region.
- Swallows: Various swallow species, such as the Barn Swallow (Hirundo rustica) and House Martin (Delichon urbicum), can be seen.
Reptiles:
- Snakes: There are various snake species in the area, including vipers and colubrids.
- Lizards: Lizards such as the Common Wall Lizard (Podarcis muralis) and the Spiny-Tailed Lizard (Acanthodactylus scutellatus) are found in Judea.
Insects:
- Grasshoppers: Grasshopper species, including locusts, are common in the area.
- Beetles: A wide variety of beetles can be found, such as ground beetles, scarabs, and ladybugs.
- Bees: Bees, particularly the honeybee (Apis mellifera), are present in the region.
- Butterflies: Various butterfly species, including swallowtails and blues, can be found.
This list is not exhaustive and may vary depending on the specific location and habitat within Bethlehem, Judea. It's always a good idea to consult local experts or resources to get the most accurate and up-to-date information about the local fauna.