Solid Colors:
* Black: The most common color, often associated with breeds like Angus and Jersey.
* White: Often seen in breeds like Holstein.
* Red: Found in breeds like Hereford and Red Poll.
* Brown: A range of browns, from light to dark, seen in breeds like Brown Swiss.
* Yellow: A rarer color, often seen in breeds like Gelbvieh.
Patterns:
* Roan: A mix of white hairs with another color, creating a speckled look. Often seen in breeds like Hereford and Shorthorn.
* Piebald: Patches of black and white, like a pie. Common in breeds like Holstein and Friesian.
* Brindle: Stripes of color, usually black and red or white. Often seen in breeds like Ayrshire and Guernsey.
* Spotted: Irregular patches of color, often seen in breeds like Swiss Brown.
Other Factors:
* Breed: Different breeds are known for specific colors and patterns.
* Genetics: Color and pattern are determined by genetics, so offspring can inherit variations from their parents.
It's important to note that there are many other less common color variations and patterns that can be seen in cows. The diversity of cow coloration adds to their unique appeal!