Here are the lab tests used to detect *Yersinia pestis*:
Direct Detection:
* Culture: The gold standard, involves growing the bacteria in the lab from a sample.
* PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction): Detects specific DNA sequences of *Yersinia pestis* in a sample.
* Immunofluorescence: Uses fluorescent antibodies to bind to *Yersinia pestis* antigens in a sample.
Indirect Detection:
* Serology: Tests for antibodies in blood that are produced by the immune system in response to *Yersinia pestis*.
* Blood Culture: Can detect the bacteria in the bloodstream.
Sample Types:
Depending on the suspected form of plague, different samples are used:
* Bubonic Plague: Sputum, pus from buboes (swollen lymph nodes), blood, or tissue.
* Pneumonic Plague: Sputum, blood.
* Septicemic Plague: Blood.
Important Notes:
* It is critical to obtain samples from patients under appropriate safety measures to prevent transmission.
* Lab tests should be interpreted in conjunction with clinical signs and symptoms.
* Rapid diagnosis is crucial for effective treatment.
It's important to remember that ONLY healthcare professionals should perform these tests and interpret the results. If you suspect you may have plague, seek immediate medical attention.