Housing:
* Cage size: Aim for a cage at least 7.5 square feet for two guinea pigs. More space is always better, especially with larger herds.
* Material: Wire cages are not recommended as they can cause foot injuries. Opt for solid-bottom cages made of plastic, wood, or metal.
* Multi-level: Provide a second level with ramps or stairs for climbing and exploration.
* Ventilation: Ensure adequate ventilation to prevent ammonia build-up from urine.
Bedding:
* Safe options: Aspen shavings, paper bedding, fleece liners, and recycled paper pellets are good choices.
* Avoid: Cedar and pine shavings, as they release harmful oils.
* Depth: Provide enough bedding for digging and burrowing, at least 2-3 inches.
Food and Water:
* Hay: Unlimited access to timothy hay or other high-quality grass hay is crucial for their digestive system.
* Pellets: Provide a high-quality guinea pig pellet in a measured amount (approximately 1/8 cup per 2 lbs of body weight).
* Fresh vegetables: Offer a variety of fresh vegetables daily.
* Water: Always provide fresh, clean water in a heavy, spill-proof water bottle or bowl.
Enrichment:
* Hideaways: Provide hiding spots like cardboard boxes, tunnels, or cozy shelters.
* Chew toys: Give them chew toys like hay blocks, wooden toys, and cardboard tubes to keep their teeth trimmed.
* Foraging opportunities: Scatter their food around the cage to encourage natural foraging behavior.
* Socialization: Guinea pigs are social animals. Keep them in pairs or small groups for companionship.
Other Essentials:
* Litter box: Train your guinea pigs to use a litter box for easy cleanup.
* Cleaning: Clean their cage regularly, ideally daily or every other day.
* Temperature: Keep their cage in a temperature-controlled environment between 65-75 degrees Fahrenheit.
Remember, a happy and healthy guinea pig requires a well-furnished cage that caters to its needs for food, water, enrichment, and social interaction.