What Are the Functions of a Pig's Thymus Gland?

The thymus is a gland with two identical lobes found in humans, pigs and other mammals. It is located in the thorax, close to the heart, and extending to the neck, according to Jefferson State Community College. In all mammal species, this gland is more active in the early years and atrophies before adult age. Fetuses have enormous thymus glands, which function is to develop the immune system and produce defense cells to protect the body.

  1. Lymphocyte Production

    • The thymus plays a key role in the development of the immune system in pigs and other mammals. The gland is a center for maturation of blood cells, which include antibody-producing T-lymphocytes, reports the Biology Department at Davidson College. When the thymus reduces its functions during adult life, some of the tissue responsible for producing lymphocytes is replaced by fat.

    Thymosins Production

    • The thymus produces hormones called thymosines, which function control the activities of lymphocytes, starting an immune response to infections. According to research published in 2008 by the American Heart Association, thymosin beta-four showed action against myocardial ischemia and related heart diseases. Pigs and mice were used during the tests.

    Culinary Use

    • The thymus gland of piglets can have still another function to humans, a gastronomical one. Pigs' thymus glands are used in many recipes as a delicacy called sweetbread. According to the Web site Recipe Tips, the thymus has a strong flavor if not taken from a young piglet, so it needs to be ordered early from a butcher. Quality sweetbreads are firm, plump and white.