Diet
Grass and hay form the foundation of a guinea pig's diet.
* Hay is a staple in their diet and provides the necessary fiber essential for their digestive system. Timothy hay, orchard grass hay, oat hay, and meadow hay are commonly recommended varieties appropriate for guinea pigs.
* Fresh leafy greens should also be given daily and contribute a substantial portion of their nutrition. Options include romaine lettuce, red and green leaf lettuce, spring mix, escarole, bok choy, watercress, cilantro, and endive.
* Vegetables. Guinea pigs can be fed a variety of vegetables each day. Good choices include bell peppers, carrots, broccoli, cucumber, zucchini, celery, and cauliflower. Vegetables should be washed and cut into small pieces.
* Fruits can be offered occasionally as treats due to their high sugar content. Fruits like strawberries, blueberries, raspberries, and melon slices can be fed in moderation.
Exercise
Just like a healthy diet, guinea pigs need moderate exercise to maintain a healthy weight and overall physical health. Provide daily playtime and a suitable enclosure that allows them to move around comfortably.
* Enclosures: A properly sized enclosure is crucial to encourage exercise. Each guinea pig should have a minimum space of 10.5 square feet, with larger spaces preferable. The enclosure should have a smooth, solid floor to prevent bumblefoot, a condition resulting from inflammation on their feet due to rough surfaces.
* Hideys and tunnels: Providing hideout spots like small houses, tunnels, and tubes stimulates their natural hiding instinct and promotes exploration within their enclosure. These elements also give them places to rest and reduce stress.
* Daily playtime: Allow your guinea pig supervised time out of its enclosure for free roaming. This is an excellent opportunity for interactive play, bonding, and encouraging exercise. You can use toys, treats, and tunnels to stimulate activity and keep them entertained.
* Toys and interaction: Various interactive toys, like rolling balls, chew toys, and crinkly tunnels, can keep guinea pigs engaged and active. Engage with your guinea pig through gentle stroking, talking to them, and hand feeding.
Remember that a consistent diet with good quality hay and daily exercise are the cornerstones of a healthy lifestyle for guinea pigs. By providing them with the right nutrition and ample opportunities to move around, you can help them thrive and enjoy a long and happy life.