A seed corn generally starts out as a small bruise caused by a stone, nail or other sharp object pressing against the sole or frog when a horse is standing or walking on hard ground . The bruise causes temporary inflammation of the sensitive tissues and the increased blood supply to the area encourages horn growth.
A corn often starts out as a small, dark spot under the horn of the sole or frog. As the bruising continues, the pressure creates the production of more horn, leading to the formation of a hard, compact "seed" or mass of horn that continues to grow until it is trimmed or worn away . These thickenings can put pressure on sensitive nerves and structures under the hoof, leading to pain and lameness.
Corns can be caused by several factors including:
1.Uneven hoof wear or imbalances in hoof angles leading to increased pressure on certain parts of the sole and frog.
2.Improper trimming or shoeing: Poor hoof care, including leaving hooves untrimmed for extended periods, can contribute to the formation of corns.
3.Rough terrain: Standing or walking on hard or rocky ground for prolonged periods can increase the risk of corns.
4.Ill-fitting shoes: Shoes that are too tight, too loose, or not properly shaped can cause pressure points and contribute to corns.
5.Conformation issues: Some horses have naturally narrow hooves or long toes, making them more prone to developing corns.
Treatment for corns usually involves removing the excess horn and addressing any underlying causes . Trimming the hoof to provide more uniform weight distribution can often alleviate pressure on the corn. In severe cases, corrective shoeing or other therapeutic measures may be necessary to manage the condition and prevent further damage to the hoof structures.