While not a formally recognized geographical term, it encompasses the vast, high-altitude grasslands and tussocklands that stretch across the interior of the South Island. These areas are characterized by:
* High elevation: Typically found above 600 meters.
* Rugged terrain: Steep slopes, high mountains, and river valleys.
* Dry climate: Limited rainfall, often leading to low-lying tussock vegetation.
* Extensive sheep farming: Historically, these plains were used for extensive sheep grazing, and they remain important for the country's wool and lamb production.
Some specific regions within the South Island's High Country include:
* Mackenzie Basin: Located in the central South Island, this basin is home to the famous Aoraki/Mount Cook.
* Central Otago: Known for its dry climate, high mountains, and extensive vineyards.
* Canterbury Plains: These plains extend to the east of the Southern Alps and are also used for sheep and cattle grazing.
While the term "High Country" is often associated with sheep rearing, it also encompasses areas used for other activities like tourism, conservation, and recreation.