* Survival of the fittest: The antelope that are able to escape the lions are the "fittest" in this scenario. This means they possess traits (speed, agility, awareness, etc.) that give them an advantage in avoiding predation.
* Differential reproduction: The antelope that survive are more likely to reproduce and pass on their beneficial traits to their offspring. The antelope that are killed do not reproduce, meaning their genes are not passed on.
* Variation: Within the antelope herd, there will be natural variation in traits like speed, agility, and awareness. Some antelope will be naturally faster or more aware of danger than others, giving them a better chance of survival.
* Adaptation: Over generations, the antelope population will evolve to become better at avoiding predators, as the traits that provide survival advantages become more common. This is the process of adaptation.
In summary: The lion predation event creates a selective pressure on the antelope population, favoring those with traits that help them escape. This leads to the gradual evolution of the antelope herd towards being better adapted to avoid predation.