Animals that *live* on the surface of the soil:
* Insects: Ants, beetles, spiders, centipedes, millipedes, and many others.
* Reptiles: Lizards, snakes (some may burrow, but spend time on the surface).
* Amphibians: Frogs, toads, salamanders (may spend time in damp soil, but also live on the surface).
* Birds: Many birds forage for food in the soil, including robins, sparrows, and chickens.
* Mammals: Mice, rats, shrews, squirrels, and other small mammals may live in burrows but spend time on the surface.
Animals that *interact* with the soil surface:
* Many types of worms: Earthworms, flatworms, and roundworms live in the soil and burrow, bringing nutrients to the surface and creating tunnels.
* Some rodents: Moles and voles live underground and push soil to the surface.
It's important to remember: This list is not exhaustive! There are many other creatures that have a relationship with the soil, even if they don't live directly on its surface.
Let me know if you'd like to explore specific types of animals or soil environments. I can help you find more information!