Here's how they do it:
* Scent glands: Deer have several scent glands, including the tarsal gland on their hind legs, the interdigital gland between their hooves, and the metatarsal gland on their lower legs. They rub these glands on trees, bushes, and other objects to mark their territory and communicate with other deer.
* Urine: Deer also use urine as a way to mark their territory and send signals to other deer, particularly during the rutting season.
* Feces: Like urine, deer feces can also carry scent information about the individual deer, such as its age, sex, and health.
While deer use other forms of communication like visual signals (tail flagging, ears flattened) and vocalizations (grunting, snorting), scent is the most prominent and significant way for them to communicate within their herd.